Material de sudură cu termită șină

Rail thermite welding material also known as exothermic welding or aluminothermic welding, is a process that uses the intense heat generated from a chemical reaction to weld railroad tracks together. The material used in this process is a thermite composition, which typically includes:

Aluminum Powder: This is the fuel for the reaction. Aluminum is a highly reactive metal that, when finely powdered, reacts exothermically with metal oxides.

Fier(III) Oxide (Fe2O3): This serves as the oxidizer in the reaction. When combined with aluminum powder, it reacts to produce molten iron and aluminum oxide, along with a great deal of heat.

The basic chemical reaction in thermite welding is as follows:
[ Fe_2O_3 + 2 Al \rightarrow 2 F + Al_2O_3 + Heat ]
This reaction is known as a reduction-oxidation reaction (redox reaction) where aluminum reduces the iron oxide to iron, and in doing so, gets oxidized to aluminum oxide. The reaction is highly exothermic, meaning it releases a significant amount of heat, enough to melt the iron.
In the context of rail welding, the molten iron produced by the thermite reaction is what fuses the rail ends together. The process involves the following steps:

Preparation: The ends of the rails to be joined are cleaned and aligned. A mold, known as a crucible, is placed around the joint to contain the molten iron.

Ignition: The thermite mixture is placed in the crucible and ignited, usually with a flammable primer or a sparkler-like igniter.

Reaction: The thermite mixture reacts, producing molten iron which flows into the gap between the rail ends.

Solidification: The molten iron solidifies to form a solid weld, fusing the rail ends together.

Finishing: After cooling, excess material is removed, and the weld is ground down to ensure a smooth, continuous rail surface.

Thermite welding is often preferred for rail applications because it produces a high-quality weld that is strong and durable, capable of withstanding the heavy loads and stresses associated with rail traffic. It also has the advantage of being portable and relatively easy to perform in the field, which is essential for repairing and maintaining railway tracks.

We can make mould to weld below steel rails:

UTILIZAREA ȘINELOR	TIPUL DE ȘINE	STANDARD
Calea ferată pentru căile ferate	43 kg/m șină, 50 kg/m șină, 60 kg/m șină, 75kg/m șină, 60N șină, 75N șină	TB/T2344-2012, TB/T3276-2011
	Șină P50/Șină R50, Șină P65/Șină R65, RP60E1	GOST-R51685, GOST R51054-2014
	Șină S49, Șină UIC54, Șină UIC60	UIC860
	Șină JIS50N, Jis60 feroviar	JIS E1101
	As50 feroviar, As60 feroviar, AS68 feroviar	AS1085, BHP RT STD
	90Ra feroviar, 100Re feroviar, 115Re feroviar, 132Re feroviar, 136Re feroviar	AREMA
	Tr45 feroviar, Tr50 feroviar, TR57 feroviar, TR68 feroviar	ASTM A759
	Șină BS75A, Șină BS90A, Șină BS100A	STANDARDUL BS11
	ISCOR 48 șină, ISCOR 57 șină	UIC860 produce standard
	45E1, 49Șină E1, 50Șină E2, 54Șină E1, 60Șină E1, 60Șină E2	EN 13674-1, EN13674-4
Șină de comutare	50Șină AT1, 60Șină AT1, 60At2 feroviar, 60Șină TY1	TB/T3109-2013
Macara feroviară	A45, A55, A65, A75, A100, A120, A150	DIN536
	Șină QU70/Calea ferată KP70, QU80 feroviar/Șină KP80, Șină QU100/Calea ferată KP100, Șină QU120/Calea ferată KP100, CR175 feroviar	YB/T5055-2014/GOST53866-2010 ASTM A759-2000
Șină canelată	59Șină R2, 60Șină R2	EN 14811:2006
Instrumente de construcție feroviară	Mașină mobilă de sudură cu bliț, Mașină de sudură cap la cap cu șină

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